Further, this virus most likely originates from bats. Genomic analysis performed on SARS-CoV-2 showed that it is a SARS-CoV-like β-lineage coronavirus. Proteins such as surface glycoprotein (S), envelope protein (E), matrix protein (M), and nucleocapsid protein (N) are among the most important structural proteins. Other ORFs encode other proteins, including accessory and structural proteins. ORF1 is the largest amount in the genome and encodes 16 nonstructural proteins (NSPs). The genome size of coronaviruses ranges between 26,000 and 32,000 bases and includes 6–11 open reading frames (ORFs). This virus classified into four major genera: Alpha coronavirus and Beta coronavirus can cause infection in mammals, and Gamma coronavirus and Delta coronavirus can cause infection in birds. In addition to causing respiratory infections, coronaviruses can cause infections in the gastrointestinal tract. Available from: ĬOVID-19 is a viral disease caused by the infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 and was introduced as a pandemic on March 11, 2020, by the World Health Organization. Biomed Biotechnol Res J 2020 4, Suppl S1:13-8. The importance of genomic changes of SARS-CoV-2 and its comparison with Iranian-reported COVID-19 sequencing Whether each country has to design its treatment and vaccine production. How to cite this URL: Velayati AA, Farnia P, Besharati S, Farnia P, Ghanavi J. Biomed Biotechnol Res J 2020 4, Suppl S1:13-8 How to cite this article: Velayati AA, Farnia P, Besharati S, Farnia P, Ghanavi J. Keywords: COVID-19, mutations, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 This issue has led various countries to sequence SARS-CoV-2 for their own countries, eventually leading to the identification of specific drugs and vaccines for their country. The importance of examining mutated areas in coronaviruses for diagnosis and treatment is necessary because molecular methods such as RT-PCR, although having a specific probe, may not cause a connection between the primer and the specific probe and cause a false-negative response be reported. Genomic studies on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 and bat coronavirus (RaTG13) showed 96.2% genetic similarity although there are differences in the nucleotides of different hosts. Studies show that the virus closely resembles hosts such as bats and pangolins. Examination of the hosts of this virus shows their extent. This means flexibility to adapt to new conditions and proliferation in new host cells. In addition, evolutionary and genetic studies have the potential to recombine and easily jump from one host to another host. The more the virus infects people, the more the genome will mutate. Studies of coronaviruses have shown high mutations in the virus's RNA. Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: NoneĬoronavirus (COVID-19), a type of RNA virus, has a positive, single, sense stranded RNA. Mycobacteriology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran The importance of genomic changes of SARS-CoV-2 and its comparison with Iranian-reported COVID-19 sequencing Whether each country has to design its treatment and vaccine productionĪli Akbar Velayati 1, Parissa Farnia 1, Saeid Besharati 1, Poopak Farnia 2, Jalaledin Ghanavi 1ġ Mycobacteriology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2 Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technology in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Date of SubmissionĬorrespondence Address: Prof.
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